HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor Module | Buy Online at Robocraze

What's in the Box:

• 1 x HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor Module

Please note: This package contains the sensor module only. Jumper wires are not included. Need wires for your setup? Add a Jumper Wire Set (M2M, M2F, F2F) to your order!

Specifications:

Power Supply	+5V DC
Working Current	15mA
Output Signal	Electrical frequency signal
Ranging Distance	2cms – 400 cms
Resolution	0.3 cm
Measuring Angle	15°
Accuracy	±3 mm
Dimensions	3 x 2 x 1cms
Weight	15 grams

• Datasheet

Arduino Code:

const int trigPin = 9;
const int echoPin = 10;

long duration;
float distance;

void setup() {
  pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
  delayMicroseconds(2);

  digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
  delayMicroseconds(10);
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);

  duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);

  distance = duration * 0.0343 / 2;

  Serial.print("Distance: ");
  Serial.print(distance);
  Serial.println(" cm");

  delay(500);
}

1. How does ultrasonic sensor work?

As we connect the ultrasonic sensor to 5V and initialize the input pin, it starts transmitting the sound waves which then travel through the air and hit the required object. These waves hit and bounce back from the object and are then collected by the receiver of the module. Distance is directly proportional to the time these waves require to return to the receiving end. The more the time taken, the greater the distance will be. This explains the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor working and pinout, which is widely used for accurate distance measurement.

2. Is ultrasonic sensor better or IR sensor for my project?

Choosing a sensor is completely dependent on your application. There are a lot of limitations in infrared sensors, like the inability to use them in sunlight due to interference. It can make outdoor or dark indoor applications difficult. Ultrasonic sensors work using sound waves, and obstacle detection is not affected by as many environmental factors. If reliability is important, ultrasonic sensors are more dependable, especially in applications like ultrasonic sensor module for robotics and IoT projects.

3. What is the basic principle of ultrasonic sensor?

Ultrasonic sensors rely on the principles of echolocation to measure distances and detect objects. They generate ultrasonic waves that bounce off objects and return as echoes. This data is used to calculate distance by measuring the time between transmission and reception. Understanding this principle helps in learning the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor working and pinout, which is essential for accurate implementation. These sensors are widely used across industries due to their precision and compact design.

4. What is ultrasonic sensor used for?

Ultrasonic sensors are used for detecting object proximity and measuring distances in various applications. They are commonly used in industrial automation, robotics, and smart systems. These sensors are ideal as an ultrasonic distance sensor for Arduino projects, helping developers build obstacle detection systems, smart parking solutions, and automation setups.

5. Is HC-SR04 analog or digital?

The HC-SR04 is a well-known ultrasonic sensor used in various electronic projects. It operates by transmitting high-frequency sound waves and measuring the time taken for the echo to return. This enables accurate distance calculation, making it the best distance measuring sensor 2cm to 400cm for many DIY and professional applications. Its output is pulse width modulated (PWM), which can be interpreted as either analog or digital depending on usage.

6. Is the HC SR 04 Ultrasonic Sensor Original and Genuine?

Yes. The HC SR 04 Ultrasonic Sensor available at Robocraze is sourced from verified manufacturers and trusted suppliers to ensure originality and consistent performance. Each unit is quality-tested for accurate distance measurement (2cm–400cm range) and stable signal response. With a competitive HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor price in India, we ensure reliable performance for robotics, Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and automation projects.

7. What is the maximum reliable range of the HC-SR04?

Officially rated 2-400cm, but for stable, repeatable readings in Arduino projects we recommend staying within 2-250cm.

8. Does the HC-SR04 work with a 3.3V ESP32?

Yes, but you must take a crucial precaution. The HC-SR04 operates at 5V. While the ESP32 can successfully send a 3.3V signal to the sensor’s Trigger pin, the sensor’s Echo pin will output a 5V signal back. Sending 5V directly into an ESP32 GPIO pin can permanently damage the microcontroller.
The Solution: Use a simple voltage divider (two resistors, e.g., 1kΩ and 2kΩ) or a dedicated logic level shifter on the Echo pin to safely step the 5V signal down to 3.3V before it reaches the ESP32.

9. How accurate is an ultrasonic sensor?

Under ideal conditions, the HC-SR04 ultrasonic distance sensor offers a high accuracy of ±3mm. However, real-world accuracy depends on a few key factors:

• Target Surface: Hard, flat surfaces positioned perpendicular to the sensor yield the most accurate results. Soft materials (like cloth or foam) absorb the 40kHz sound waves, while angled surfaces deflect them, causing false or max-distance readings.
• Environment: Extreme temperatures or high humidity can slightly alter the speed of sound, though this is negligible for most standard Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and robotics projects.

10. HC-SR04 vs IR Sensor: Which is better for obstacle detection?

For most general-purpose obstacle avoiding robots, the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor is the better choice. Here is why:

• Lighting Independence: Ultrasonic sensors use sound waves, meaning they work flawlessly in pitch darkness or bright, direct sunlight. IR sensors are easily blinded by strong ambient light.
• Object Recognition: The HC-SR04 can reliably detect transparent objects (like glass) and dark-colored objects, which IR sensors often fail to see.
• Range: The HC-SR04 offers a much wider detection range (2cm to 400cm) compared to typical IR sensors (usually 2cm to 30cm).
• When to choose IR: Only choose an IR sensor if your project requires ultra-fast response times for very short-range detection, such as line-following robots or drop-off edge detection.

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