IR Proximity & PIR Motion Sensors - Arduino & IoT Modules – Robocraze

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IR Proximity Sensor

An IR Proximity Sensor module detects objects by emitting an infrared beam and analyzing its reflection. Unlike ultrasonic sensors, this Arduino infrared proximity sensor relies on infrared light for contactless detection, making it ideal for automation, security, and monitoring applications.

The IR proximity switch works by emitting IR light from an LED, which reflects off objects and is captured by a light detector to determine distance or position. These infrared IR proximity sensors are widely used for distance measurement, object counting, and security systems like burglar alarms and surveillance.

Key advantages include contactless operation, day/night usability, and resistance to corrosion. Unlike ultrasonic sensors, IR distance sensors accurately detect soft objects, ensuring durability and efficiency in various environments.

Categories

IR Sensors (Proximity / Object Detection) – Emit infrared light and detect reflection from nearby objects.
PIR Motion Sensors (Passive Infrared) – Detects motion based on changes in infrared radiation (body heat) within field of view.
Distance Detection Sensors – Infrared or optical modules that measure distance to objects (analog or digital output) rather than just presence.

Applications: Security Systems, Robotics, Automation & DIY

Security Systems – PIR sensors used in alarms or motion‐activated lighting; IR proximity sensors for door sensors and presence detection.
Robotics – Obstacle avoidance, line following, proximity alerts on mobile robots.
Automation – Conveyor stops, object detection in kiosks or machines, touchless user input.
DIY Projects – Home sensor modules, interactive displays, IoT presence tracking, robot guards.

Sensor Comparison: Range & Detection Angles

Sensor Type	Typical Range	Detection Angle	Best For
IR Proximity Sensor	~2 cm to ~80 cm	Narrow (10–45°)	Robot obstacle detection, short range alert
PIR Motion Sensor	~2 m to ~10 m	Wide (typically 90–180°)	Human motion, room presence detection
Distance Detection (IR)	~10 cm to ~150 cm+	Moderate (30–60°)	Distance measurement, automation sensing

Wiring Guides & Code Examples

Arduino – IR Proximity Sensor Example


const int irPin = 9;  // digital output from IR module

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(irPin, INPUT);
}

void loop() {
  int state = digitalRead(irPin);
  if (state == HIGH) {
    Serial.println("Object detected");
  } else {
    Serial.println("No object");
  }
  delay(200);
}

Arduino – PIR Motion Sensor Example


const int pirPin = 2;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(pirPin, INPUT);
}

void loop() {
  int motion = digitalRead(pirPin);
  if (motion == HIGH) {
    Serial.println("Motion detected");
  } else {
    Serial.println("No motion");
  }
  delay(200);
}

Raspberry Pi – Distance Detection Example (IR/Analog)


import time
import board
import analogio  # or appropriate module

ir_pin = analogio.AnalogIn(board.A0)

while True:
    value = ir_pin.value
    print("Sensor reading:", value)
    time.sleep(0.2)

Installation & Troubleshooting Tips

Installation

Mount the sensor at an appropriate height and angle to cover the desired detection zone.
For IR proximity: avoid highly reflective surfaces or sunlight which may interfere.
For PIR: avoid pointing directly at HVAC vents, windows or reflective glass (which may trigger false alarms).
Maintain clean sensor lens/window; dust or smudges reduce performance.
Keep wiring away from high-voltage or motor cables to avoid interference.

Troubleshooting

No detection: verify wiring (VCC, GND, signal), check power supply voltage.
False triggers: reduce sensitivity, shield from direct sun or reflective surfaces, recalibrate.
Limited range: check mounting angle, reduce ambient IR interference, clean lens.
For analog distance: check analog reading stability; use averaging or filter for stable measurement.

Motion Sensor

A motion sensor detects movement and is used in security systems, smartphones, game consoles, and automation devices. Invented in the 1940s by Samuel Bagno, it consists of a sensor unit, embedded computer, and mechanical component.

The two common types are active ultrasonic and passive infrared (PIR sensor). Ultrasonic sensors emit sound waves that bounce off objects, measuring the time delay to detect movement. These pir motion sensors are widely used in security systems, triggering alarms at windows, doors, and entry points. This motion sensor switch work regardless of color, surface, or material, making them reliable for industrial and commercial applications.

Buy IR Proximity Sensor Module & PIR Motion SensOnline in India

At Robocraze, we recognize the need of having accurate sensors and IR proximity sensors. That is why we meticulously create our products with quality and performance in mind, ensuring the most precise and long-lasting results.

We have stacked several types of PIR motion sensors and detectors, including outdoor and smart indoor motion sensors, kangaroo motion sensors, and motion sensor alarms.

Whether you're a professional or a DIY enthusiast, you'll appreciate our extensive selection of sensors intended for a variety of purposes. From increasing home security to enabling complex automation projects, our sensors give the innovation you need to turn your ideas into reality, and an IR sensor is quite inexpensive.

How much do Motion Sensor and IR Proximity Sensor cost?

IR Proximity Sensor & Motion Sensors	Cost
HC-SR505 Mini PIR (Passive Infrared) Motion Sensor	Rs.91
TCRT5000 IR Sensor Module	Rs.43
HCSR501 PIR Motion Sensor	Rs.66
3mm IR Pair	Rs.6
4-CH IR Line sensor Module	Rs.150
TSOP Module	Rs.53
IR Proximity Sensor	Rs.26
TCRT5000 IR Sensor (Pack of 5)	Rs.229
TSOP 1738	Rs.34
5mm IR Transmitter Receiver Pair	Rs.13
TSOP 1838B small	Rs.12
IR Remote	Rs.48

Other Sensors

Distance/Proximity Sensor | Temperature Sensor | Gas Sensor | pH/Turbidity/Flow Sensor | Accelero/Gyro Sensor | Load Sensor | Pressure Sensor | Biomedical Sensor | Light Sensor | Current/Voltage Sensor | Magnetic sensor | Other Sensors | Sensor kits | Eye Blink Sensor

1.What are the types of motion proximity sensors?

Motion sensors detect movement using different technologies. Passive Infrared (PIR) sensors detect human motion through heat signatures, requiring no power drain. Microwave sensors emit electromagnetic waves to detect motion through obstacles. Ultrasonic sensors use sound waves for motion detection. Dual-technology sensors combine PIR and ultrasonic for reduced false alarms. Choose based on detection range, power consumption, and environmental conditions like walls or obstructions

2.Where can these proximity motion sensors be used?

Motion sensors are very useful and highly recommended when it comes to security and energy efficiency. They can be used for anti-theft alarms and security cameras, activating these devices when it senses motion in the vicinity. It can be an energy saver by shutting off lights in a building when it senses no motion anymore, which is used regularly in office buildings or restrooms.

3.How is motion detected using PIR sensors?

A PIR sensor detects the infrared light radiated by a warm object. It consists of pyro electric sensors which introduce changes in their temperature (due to incident infrared radiation) into electric signals. When infrared light strikes a crystal, it generates an electrical charge.

4.Do motion sensors have cameras?

Motion sensors themselves do not include cameras, but they can be integrated with cameras to enhance security systems. Video motion detection uses cameras with advanced signal processing to detect movement. Motion-triggered cameras automatically start recording when movement is detected, reducing storage usage and power consumption. Some systems combine PIR sensors with cameras for reliable detection. This integration enables event-based recording, real-time alerts, and efficient surveillance operations.

5.What is the ideal placement for motion sensors?

Motion sensors work best when placed high up to cover a large amount of area. They also function by detecting a fluctuation in heat and therefore it is not ideal to place it near a heating station or windows on a sunny day. It is not ideal to place it near a door or window, since it can create false alarms if there are slight alterations in infrared energy over time.

6. What types of sensors are included in this collection?

This collection features a variety of motion and proximity sensing modules: infrared (IR) proximity sensors that detect nearby objects, passive infrared (PIR) motion sensors that sense movement of warm bodies, reflective IR modules that detect objects or edges, and other related modules for automation or robotics. Whether you need “something near me” detection or “somebody moved” detection, there’s a module here suited to the task.

7. Are these sensors compatible with Arduino and Raspberry Pi?

Yes, most modules are compatible with Arduino boards, Raspberry Pi units, or similar microcontroller/single-board setups. They typically provide simple digital or analogue outputs, operate at logic levels the boards understand, and pair well with existing libraries and tutorials. That means you can wire a sensor to your board, read its output in code, and integrate it into your project without major headaches.

8. What is the detection range of IR and PIR sensors?

Detection ranges depend on the specific type and model of sensor. For many hobby PIR modules, the range is around 3 m to 7 m indoors under ideal conditions. Some more advanced PIR sensors in outdoor or security settings can reach up to around 10 m or more when sensitivity is higher. IR proximity sensors might have significantly shorter ranges (for example, a few centimetres to a metre, depending on design). Because mounting height, object size, orientation, lens or reflector design all matter, real-world performance can vary.

9. Can these sensors be used for security or robotics projects?

Absolutely. PIR motion sensors are commonly used in security systems (“did someone walk by?”) and automation (“turn lights on when movement is detected”). IR proximity sensors are perfect for robotics: edge detection, obstacle avoidance, and object presence sensing. If you build a robot that needs to notice when something is ahead, or an automatic door that triggers when somebody enters, these modules are right at home.

10. Are these modules easy to install and use for beginners?

Yes, many of these sensor modules are beginner-friendly. They usually have simple power, ground and signal pins; some have adjustable sensitivity or delay settings; plenty of plug-in example code exists. A beginner with some basic wiring knowledge can have one working in minutes and build a complete project in hours. They offer a great on-ramp to sensing and automation.