DC Motor Applications
Hello everyone! In this blog, we will be looking at applications of dc motor. Stay tuned and let's get started!
A motor changes electrical energy to rotary motion. DC motor or Direct current motor is a motor that runs on a Direct current. Compared to AC motors, DC motors are low cost, easy to start, stop, and reverse, they have high starting torque and the most important advantage is that they can be easily controlled. For a more detailed explanation of what is dc motor, working and how to control refer Speed control of a DC motor. Because of all these exciting features, they are used in diverse fields.
What are the applications of DC Motor?
The type of motor used in a particular application depends on the characteristic of the dc motor. Depending on the desired characteristics i.e. mechanical requirements of the applied load, torque characteristics (for example different motors are distinguished by the torque generated when the motor starts and the torque produced when it's running at rated speed) different motors are used in different applications.Β
Application of Permanent Magnet DC Motor
In this type of motor, there is no field winding around the stator instead a permanent magnet is used to produce magnetic flux. Hence it only has armature connections and no field windings since there is a stator and no field winding.
Following are the applications:
- AIR conditioners.
- Computer drives
- Electric toothbrushes
- Portable vacuum cleaners. Drilling machines, trimmers, etc.
- Food mixers
- drones
They are used where a small motor is required and no speed control is necessary.
Applications of DC series motor
Used where high starting torque is needed, variation of speed is required they are not fit for constant speed.Β
DC series motor uses are:
- Vacuum cleaner
- Traction systems
- Sewing machines
- Cranes
- Air compressors.
In this type of motor field winding is present and is connected in series with the armature winding as shown in the figure
(Note: You can neglect the resistance R rheostat in the figure it's just here so that we will be able to limit the current through the field winding. So the general figure of shunt and compound would consist without the Rheostat R.)
Applications of Shunt Motor
In this type of motor field winding is present and is connected in parallel(that's why called a shunt)Β with the armature winding as shown in the figure.
- Centrifugal pumps
- Weaving and lathe machines
- Lifts
- Fans
- Blowers
- Spinning machines
- Conveyors
They are used where constant/stable speed is required irrespective of the load.
Application of Compound Motor
This motor consists of both shunt and series field winding. They can be started at no load, unlike dc motors. They are categorized into two types:
Cumulative compound motor:
It comes with a high starting torque and has satisfactory speed regulation at fast speeds.
Uses of Cumulative compound motor:
- Presses
- Shears
- Conveyors
- Elevators
- Rolling mills
- Heavy planners.
Used where high starting torque and almost constant speed are needed.
Differential compound DC motor
In differential motor, the series field opposes the shunt field. It has low starting torque as net flux is minimized by this opposition. Its flux reduces sharply for the small increase in load at higher values of load. This decrease in flux causes the starting torque to be less than any other DC motor. They are not used much for practical applications.
Conclusion
In this blog post, we have learned DC motors have an incredibly diverse range of applications across numerous industries. Whether it's the efficiency of the permanent magnet DC motor or the high torque of the DC series motor, each type offers unique advantages that can be utilized for specific tasks. From shunt motors used in industrial machines to compound motors powering electric vehicles, DC motors play a critical role in many aspects of modern life. And if you need the best of both worlds, the differential compound DC motor is there to provide unmatched performance. So whether you're a student of electrical engineering or a professional in the field, it's clear that understanding the applications of DC motors is key to unlocking their full potential.
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Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is DC motor and how it works?
The DC motor is a fascinating contraption that harnesses the power of electricity to produce mechanical motion. It comprises a fixed component, the stator, and a dynamic entity, the rotor, that's tethered to the shaft. The stator activates when the current flows through it, generating a magnetic field that synergizes with the rotor's magnetic field to initiate rotation. The polarity of the current can be modified to alter the direction of rotation, a remarkable feature indeed.
2. What is DC motor used for?
DC motors are used in countless arenas that necessitate rotation and is indubitable. Such domains encompass the likes of electric vehicles, industrial machinery, robotics, and household appliances. Their operational mechanics hew to the transformation of electrical energy into mechanical energy and hinge on the manipulation of a magnetic field which materializes as a result of the interplay between the current coursing through the motor's coil and the permanent magnet.
3. What is difference between AC and DC motor?
AC motors and DC motors are both used to convert electricity into movement, but they do it in different ways. AC motors use this alternating current thing that changes direction all the time, while DC motors only go in one direction. AC motors are better for the big stuff, like factories because they're more efficient at high power levels. But DC motors are more for smaller things like your toaster or electric car.
Components and Supplies
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is DC motor and how it works?
The DC motor is a fascinating contraption that harnesses the power of electricity to produce mechanical motion. It comprises a fixed component, the stator, and a dynamic entity, the rotor, that's tethered to the shaft. The stator activates when the current flows through it, generating a magnetic field that synergizes with the rotor's magnetic field to initiate rotation. The polarity of the current can be modified to alter the direction of rotation, a remarkable feature indeed.
2. What is DC motor used for?
DC motors are used in countless arenas that necessitate rotation and is indubitable. Such domains encompass the likes of electric vehicles, industrial machinery, robotics, and household appliances. Their operational mechanics hew to the transformation of electrical energy into mechanical energy and hinge on the manipulation of a magnetic field which materializes as a result of the interplay between the current coursing through the motor's coil and the permanent magnet.
3. What is difference between AC and DC motor?
AC motors and DC motors are both used to convert electricity into movement, but they do it in different ways. AC motors use this alternating current thing that changes direction all the time, while DC motors only go in one direction. AC motors are better for the big stuff, like factories because they're more efficient at high power levels. But DC motors are more for smaller things like your toaster or electric car.